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Dangers of the Sun - Continued

First-Aid Treatment for Heat Exhaustion:

1. Victim should lie down in a cool place.

2. Loosen or remove clothing.

3. Apply cold compresses to the warmer areas of the body: head, neck, under arms, groin.  Use cool water only.  Alcohol will contribute to further dehydration.

4. Electrolyte fluids or slightly salted water (0.25 level teaspoon of salt to a pint of cold water) should be offered to the victim.

With rest and replacement of lost water and salt, a full recovery usually occurs.  The victim should consult a physician due to risk of heat stroke.

A heat stroke (sunstroke) is a life threatening condition in which overexposure to extreme heat and a consequent breakdown of the body’s heat-regulating mechanisms cause the body to become overheated to a dangerous degree.  In some cases body temperature may reach 107 degrees F or more.  

Without treatment the victim lapses into coma and death soon follows.  A heat stroke is marked by cessation of sweating, an extremely high body temperature and collapse that is initiated by unaccustomed exposure to the sun in a hot climate, and rarely by a severe fever.  Heat stroke is more apt to occur in humid conditions, which reduce the body’s ability to cool itself by the evaporation of sweat.

A heat stroke may be proceeded by heat exhaustion. Symptoms of Heat stroke may include fatigue, weakness, faintness, profuse sweating and convulsions.  However, with the onset of heat stroke itself, sweating diminishes markedly and often stops completely.  

Skin becomes hot, dry and flushed; breathing is shallow and the pulse, rapid and weak. Without professional treatment the victim may lose consciousness and die.

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The Sun Pages

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